中美女主播"跨洋约辩"贸易战 塑料行业有哪些影响更应该是我们关注的

北京时间5月30日早上8点25分，中国CGTN女主播刘欣，应约与美国FOX商业频道女主播翠西·里根，就中美贸易等相关话题进行了一场公开对话。双方就公平贸易、知识产权、华为、关税、中国发展中国家地位以及美国所谓“国家资本主义”进行了交流。

在观看精彩的辩论，在各行各业都关注中美贸易时，我们化塑行业 更应重点关注并及时做好应对。

首先，我们来看一组数据：

2018年，我国聚乙烯进口量为1402万吨，其中从美国进口聚乙烯数量为70.4万吨，占进口量的5.0%。

2018年，我国聚丙烯进口量为480万吨，其中从美国进口聚乙烯数量为4.9万吨，占进口量的1.0%。

2018年，我国聚氯乙烯进口量为73.8万吨，其中从美国进口量为31.9万吨，占进口量的43.2%。

2018年，我国ABS塑料进口量为202万吨，其中从美国进口量为0.4万吨，占进口量的0.2%。

……

此次中美贸易摩擦中，中国决定自2019年6月1日0时起，对原产于美国的部分进口商品提高加征关税税率。从目录看，聚乙烯、聚丙烯原料不在此次加征关税目录中，因此美国出口中国的聚乙烯、聚丙烯原料暂未受影响。

聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS塑料的下游主要应用于薄膜、注塑、吹塑、管材和型材、拉丝、电线电缆、汽车、BOPP、纤维、家电等行业。此次中美贸易摩擦中，中国对进口美国的乙烯聚合物制的硬管加征20%的关税，对进口美国的丙烯聚合物制板、片、膜、箔及扁条加征20%的关税；对其他塑料制单丝、条、杆及型材异型材，其他塑料制的硬管，塑料制的软管等加征10%的关税；对进口美国聚氯乙烯糊树脂、初级形状的聚氯乙烯其他氯乙烯共聚物等加征、其他塑料制的硬管、塑料制门、窗等加征5-25%的关税。

而美国方面，对中国的塑料家具、地毯、针织毯类、汽车安全设备（保险杠等）等征收25%的关税。

因此，中美贸易对中国的管材、单丝、汽车安全设备、塑料家具等塑料制品企业产生较大的影响，企业应及时最好应对措施。

以下为本次对话精彩内容中英文对照版本：

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Trish Regan: Give me your current assessment, where we are on these trade talks? Do you believe a deal is possible?

翠西：你认为现状如何？中美目前谈判的处于什么状态？你认为我们能达成协议吗？

Liu Xin: I don't know. I I don't have any insider information. What I knew was the talks were not very successful last time they were going on in the United States, and now I think both sides are considering what to go next. But I think the Chinese government has made its position very clear that unless the United states government treat the Chinese negotiating team with respect and show the willingness to talk without using outside pressure, there is high possibility that there could be a productive trade deal. Otherwise, I think we might be facing a prolonged period of problems for both sides.

刘欣：我不知道。我并没有内部消息。但我知道上次在美国的谈判不太成功，双方都在考虑接下去该怎么办，但中国政府立场很明确，除非美国政府尊重中国的谈判团队，显示谈判的诚意，而不是用外部压力，很可能我们能达成一个富有成效的贸易协议。否则，我们双方都会面对长期的问题。

Trish Regan: But I would stress that trade wars are never good. They're not good for for anyone, so I want to believe that something can get done. And these are certainly challenging times. I realize there's a lot of rhetoric out there.

翠西：我想强调，贸易战从来都是糟糕的 没有人能从中获利，所以我希望能够做一些事情。现在是困难时期，各方都有不少的声音。

Liu Xin: Indeed there are people talking about china already becoming so big, why don't you just grow up. Basically, I think you said it in your program as well: China, grow up. Well, I think we want to grow up. We don't want to be you know dwarfed, poor, or undeveloped all the time.

刘欣：确实有人说中国已经变得如此强大了，为什么中国不能像一个成年人一样长大点呢？你在节目中也说过，中国(应该)长大。我认为我们想长大，我们并不想一直做一个弱小、贫穷、不发达的国家。

But it depends on how you define developing country. Right? If you look at China's overall size,the overall size of the Chinese economy. Yes, we are very big, the world's number one. But don't forget，we have 1.4 billion people. That is over three times the population of the United States. So if you divide the second largest overall economy in the world, when it comes down to per capita GDP, I think it’s less than one six that of the United States, and even less than some other more developed countries in Europe. So you tell me, where shall we put ourselves?

但这要取决于你怎么去定义发展中国家。如果你看中国的经济总量，那么我们确实已经很强大。但我们有14亿人口，超过美国人口的三倍，如果你把它换算成人均GDP，它还不到美国的六分之一，甚至不如欧洲一些比较发达的国家。所以你告诉我，我们应该把自己放在什么样的位置?

This is a very complicated issue because per capita, as I said, is very small, but overall it's very big. So we can do a lot of big things and people are looking upon us to do much more around the world. So I think we are doing that.

这是一个非常复杂的问题，我们的人均收入少，但GDP总量是非常大的。所以，我们可以做很多大事，全世界期我们能在世界各地做更多的事情。我们也正在这样做。

We're contributing to the United Nations. We are the world's biggest contributor to the UN peacekeeping missions. And we're we're giving out donations and human humanitarian aids and all of that because we know we have to grow up. And Trish, thank you for that reminder.

我们正在为联合国事务做贡献。我们是世界上对联合国人类维和任务贡献最大的国家。我们捐款，并提供人道主义援助，因为我们知道我们必须成长。最后也感谢你提醒我们这一点。

Trish Regan: Let's get to the tariffs. I i've seen some of your commentaries too. And Xin, I appreciate that you think China could lower some of its tariffs. I watch you say that, and i'm totally in agreement with you.

翠西：下面我们来谈谈关税问题。我看过你的一些评论，你认为中国可以降低一些项目的关税。我想说的是，我完全同意你的看法。

In 2016, the average tariff, effective tax that was charged on American goods in China was 9.9 percent, and that was nearly three times what the US was charging. So what do you say about this? What do you think about saying, hey, you know, the heck with these tariffs? Let's get rid of them altogether. Would that work?

2016 年，中国对美国商品征收的平均关税实际上是9.9%，几乎是美国征收关税的三倍。你对此有什么看法？如果我们说，忘了关税吧，让我们完全取消它，这样行吗？

Liu Xin: I think that will be a wonderful idea. I mean, don't you think for American consumers, products from China would be even cheaper and for consumers in China, products from America would be so much cheaper too. I think that will be a wonderful idea. I think we should work towards that.

刘欣：我觉得这（取消关税）会是个很好的主意。这样的话，对于美国消费者来说，中国的产品会变得更便宜，而对中国消费者来说，美国的产品也会更便宜。

But you know you talked about rule-based system, rule-based order. This is the thing. If you want to change the rules, it has to be done in mutual consensus. Basically we talk about tariffs, it is not just between China and the United States.

你谈到了以规则为基础的体系和秩序，这正是关键所在。如果你想改变规则，那么一定要双方同意。当我们说到关税的时候，这并不是仅仅事关中美两国。

I understand if you lower tariff just between China and the United States, the Europeans will come, the Japanese will come the the Venezuelans probably will come and say, “hey, we want the same tariff.” You can't discriminate between countries. So it is a very complicated settlement to reach.

据我理解，如果你降低中美两国间的关税，那么欧洲、日本甚至委内瑞拉都会来说，“嘿，我们也想要这样的低关税”。不能对不同的国家区别对待。所以说，要达成这种协议是非常复杂的。

Trish Regan: I think your economic system is very interesting, because you know, you have a capitalist system, right? But it's state-run. So talk to us about that. How do you define it?

翠西：你们的经济体系很有趣，因为，你们是“国家资本主义”，跟我们谈谈这个吧。你如何定义它?

Liu Xin: We would like to define it as socialism with Chinese characteristics where market forces are expected to play dominating or the deciding role in the allocation of resources. Basically, we want it to be a market economy, but there are some Chinese characteristics. For instance, some state-owned enterprises which are playing important but increasingly smaller role may be in the economy.

刘欣：我们把它定义为具有中国特色的社会主义，在资源分配中市场起到了主导、决定作用。我们希望成为具有中国特色的市场经济。比如说，国有企业在经济中起到了重要作用，但其作用可能正逐渐减小。

And everybody thinks that china's economy is state-owned and everything is state-controlled, everything is state, state, state. But let me tell you, it is not the true picture. If you look at the statistics, for instance, 80% of Chinese employees were employed by private enterprises; 80% of Chinese exports were done by private companies, were produced by private companies. About 65% of technological innovation were achieved or were carried out by private enterprises, some of the largest companies that affect our lives. For instance, some internet companies or some 5G technology companies, they are private companies.

每个人认为中国是国有经济，方方面面都是国有的，但这不是真实景象。根据数据，中国80%的员工受雇于民营企业，中国80%的出口来自于民营企业的生产，中国大约65%的技术创新由民营企业完成。而且这是一些影响我们生活最大的公司，例如一些互联网公司或者一些5G技术公司，它们是私营公司。

So we we are a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, but it's, you know, not everything state-control, state- run. It's not like that. We are actually quite mixed and varied. We make it dynamic and actually very very open as well.

所以，我们是有中国特色的社会主义经济，但并不是所有的事情都是国家控制的，国家运行不是这样的。我们实际上是相当混合和多样化的。我们让它充满活力，实际上我们国家也非常非常开放。

Trish Regan: What if we said, “Hey!sure! Huawei, come on in. But here's the deal. You must share all those incredible technological advances that you've been working on. You gotta share it with us. Would that be okay?

翠西：如果我们说：“华为，欢迎进入我们的市场。但必须与我们分享你们所有惊人的科技进步可以吗？”

Liu Xin: I think it is, if it is through cooperation, if it is through mutual learning, if it is through... if you pay for the use of this IP of this high technology, I think it's absolutely fine. Why not? We all, we all prosper because we learn from each other. I learned english because I had American teachers. I learned english because I had American friends. I still learn how to do journalism because I have American copy-editors or editors. So I think that's fine. As long as it is not illegal. I think everybody should do that. And that's how you get better. Right?

刘欣：我认为，如果是通过合作和互相学习，如果你们付了这些高科技的知识产权费。那可以啊，为何不呢？我们可以互相学习，共同发展。我从美国老师、美国朋友那里学习英语；我仍然从美国编辑那里学习新闻。只要合法，我认为这没错。我认为每个人都需要这么做，让自己变得更好。

中美贸易战对塑料行业的影响有哪些？

相关阅读：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_ZT5vtWr-eCRw4sJBfjP9g

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