Aluminum alloys, central to the aerospace industry due to their optimal blend of low density and high strength-to-weight ratio, face persistent challenges in corrosion resistance. The review explores the transition from traditional corrosion protection methods like chromate conversion coatings and anodizing to innovative and environmentally friendly alternatives. Key advancements include the development of rare earth element-based coatings and organic-inorganic hybrid coatings, which have demonstrated significant improvements in corrosion resistance.